Abstract expressionism was a rebellious and idiosyncratic art movement that encompassed various artistic styles. It emerged in the United States after World War II and gained mainstream acceptance in the 1950s.
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Action painting, closely associated with abstract expressionism, was a term coined by American critic Harold Rosenberg in 1952. Rosenberg's concept shifted emphasis from the painting as an object to the painter's act of creation, with the canvas as "an arena in which to act". Jackson Pollock's technique has roots in the work of André Masson, Max Ernst, and David Alfaro Siqueiros, linking Abstract Expressionism to Surrealism's emphasis on spontaneous, automatic, or subconscious creation.
In abstract expressionism, Pollock developed a radical new technique in 1947, pouring and dripping thinned paint onto raw canvas laid on the ground instead of applying pigment by brush to primed, stretched canvas on an easel. The works' subject matter, huge scale, and technique were shocking to many viewers.
Abstract Expressionism rose to global popularity, and Jackson Pollock's art was radical enough to earn him the nickname 'Jack the Dripper'.
The Shock of the New is an eight-part documentary television series about the development of modern art written and presented in 1980 by Australian art critic Robert Hughes for the BBC, in association with Time-Life Films. Hughes also wrote a book to accompany the series.
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